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What’s the difference between being ‘lazy’ and experiencing executive dysfunction?

focus motivation
by
Livia Farkas (author)  

First published: 23 September, 2025 | Last edited: 23 September, 2025 || 📚🕒 Reading Time: 2 minutes

Laziness is not simply “not doing” something. A lazy person could do the thing, would have the energy to do so, but chooses not to. And they don’t care about it at all.

Lazy people are okay with the task not being done.

Their inner monologue isn’t even mentioning the task. Lazy people don’t think “Come on, just get up, everyone can do it, this is not hard, you did it yesterday.” They don’t have a blinking light in their head about the thing they’re not doing, as a reminder. “Do the laundry, do not forget to do the laundry, just do the damn laundry.” They don’t feel anxious about not doing the thing, and the time they spend not doing it is actually restful and relaxing, because they do not care.

With executive dysfunction, what’s missing is not the desire or even the motivation to start.

The decision is there, but nothing happens when you try to turn the key – the engine is coughing, and that’s it.

So, the question boils down to this: when you’re not doing something you should be doing, do you mind? Does it bother you? Are you stressing about not having started yet? Are you still unable to do it even if you really, really want to? Can you relax while not doing the task? If you’ve answered any of these with a YES, you are not lazy.

If it’s not the lack of motivation or desire, what is missing?

There might be crucial information missing, a lack of clarity regarding specifics of the task (what does “make the bed” mean? change the bedsheets or just tidy the covers?), anxiety about unknown elements of the task, anxiety about not finishing on time, or having to ask questions.

Or there’s leftover exhaustion from not sleeping well enough, or emotional events of the day. Or the overwhelming task of seeing all that needs to be done at the same time, and finding it impossible to prioritise and find a starting point. All of this requires mental energy that may not be available.

As with all neurodivergent adaptations, there is no one-size-fits-all solution.

Practising awareness helps slowly untangle the answers: when you notice it happen, you can try figuring out what makes it hard to start, specifically in that instance.

What would help you?

  • More information?
  • Someone to tell you where to start?
  • Body doubling?
  • Music to make it fun?
  • Silence so you can concentrate?

It can be different things for different situations. You will probably need to try different approaches and test them in action. Some things will not work at all, some will work sometimes, and some you need to adjust or have different variations of. But slowly you can start building a repertoire of adaptations that work for you.

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Related Questions

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Related Terms

inertia

Inertia is the experience of being unable to start (or stop) an activity despite wanting to. It's a common neurodivergent experience related to executive function, and not caused by laziness, procrastination or lack of motivation. Like a car without fuel, no amount of pressing the gas pedal will help when the resources needed for action aren't available.

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energy
waiting mode

Waiting mode is a psychological state characterized by heightened anticipation or anxiety while awaiting a specific outcome or event. In the neurodivergent, especially ADHD community it usually means the period before an event that needs focus or attention spent in a sort of paralysing waiting mode, not being able to do little else until the event is over.

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time
demand avoidance

Demand avoidance means appearing opposed to doing something when it's perceived as a demand, especially from an authority figure - even if you actually want to do the thing. While it may look like defiance or stubbornness to others, it's actually an involuntary self-preservation response triggered by threats to autonomy. This response happens automatically, not as a conscious decision to be difficult.

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autistic burnout

Autistic burnout refers to a state of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion experienced by autistic people. It is a result of prolonged exposure to overwhelming sensory, social, and cognitive demands, often in an environment that does not accommodate their needs.

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energy pain
decision fatigue

Decision fatigue refers to the deteriorating quality of decision-making after a long period of decision-making activity. It means you feel mentally exhausted from making too many choices.

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energy
dopamine pathway

A brain network where dopamine travels, affecting motivation and reward, but also pain and many other functions.

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neurobiology neurotransmitter pain
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About the Author

  • Livia Farkas

    Livia is a Neurodivergent Adaptation Educator with a sharp sense for simplifying complex ideas. Since 2008, she's developed 294 distinct techniques catered to the needs of clients. A total of 5058 alumni have enrolled in one or more of the 8 online courses she co-developed with Adam, offering neurodivergence-inclusive frameworks for time management, goal setting, self-care for mental health, and small-business management. Her life goal is to be a walking permission slip for neurodivergent adults. In her free time, she enjoys stickers & planners, crochet & roller skates, and running around with her pet bunny Rumi.

    View all posts

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